Wisdom teeth, also known as third molars, are the last molars to erupt in the mouth. They usually appear between the ages of 17 and 25, although this can vary from person to person. While some people never develop these teeth, there are those who have them fully erupted and in perfect position. However, most people tend to experience retention problems, which require extraction and possibly future orthodontic treatment.
What does wisdom tooth extraction involve?
When wisdom teeth do not have enough space to grow properly, they can cause oral health problems that affect overall health. In addition to retention, they can grow at incorrect angles, sometimes even horizontally, which can lead to crowding, severe pain, and damage to adjacent teeth. The American Dental Association states that wisdom tooth extraction may be necessary if you experience the following symptoms:
- Pain
- Recurrent infections in the soft tissues behind the last lower tooth
- Presence of fluid-filled cysts
- Development of tumors
- Damage to adjacent teeth
- Periodontal disease
- Extensive and deep cavities
- Impacted wisdom tooth.
When we talk about an impacted wisdom tooth, we refer to a situation where the wisdom tooth cannot erupt normally and becomes trapped under the gums or against adjacent teeth. This condition is quite common and can cause various dental problems and discomfort.
Impaction of wisdom teeth can occur due to a lack of space in the mouth to accommodate these additional teeth. The human jaw has evolved over time, and in many cases, the size of the jaw is not sufficient to accommodate these additional teeth properly. As a result, wisdom teeth can become trapped without completing their normal eruption.
Procedure for wisdom tooth extraction
- The oral surgeon will explain the preparation procedure for wisdom tooth extraction. This includes changing dietary habits and improving oral hygiene techniques.
- The operation is usually performed under local anesthesia to numb the gums while you remain awake during the procedure.
- More challenging cases may require general anesthesia, which means you will be asleep during the procedure.
Extraction of multiple wisdom teeth simultaneously
When it comes to extracting multiple wisdom teeth, it is a more extensive procedure but common in certain situations. This option may be recommended if multiple problems or a high risk of complications are identified.
Simultaneous extraction of multiple wisdom teeth has several advantages. First:
- It reduces the number of surgical interventions required, which means fewer appointments and less overall discomfort. Additionally, simultaneous extraction can be more efficient in terms of time and costs.
- Standard anesthesia and sedation protocols are followed, as recommended by the dental health professional. This ensures comfort and safety during wisdom tooth surgery.
- After the extraction, you will be provided with specific post-care instructions to promote proper healing and alleviate any postoperative discomfort.
Anesthesia used in wisdom tooth extraction
Your dentist or oral surgeon will inform you about the most suitable type of anesthesia for your case: general or local.
- If you receive general anesthesia for wisdom tooth extraction, you will be asked to fast. This means refraining from eating or drinking for approximately six hours before the operation. However, it is important to follow professional instructions.
- You will receive information about the steps that will be carried out before, during, and after the procedure, as well as any pain you may experience. This is the right time to understand what will happen and it may be helpful to prepare questions about the risks, benefits, and other alternative options to the procedure. This way, you will be informed and able to give your consent based on what is considered appropriate.
Relieving pain after wisdom tooth extraction
After the extraction of wisdom teeth, it is normal to experience some degree of discomfort or pain. Fortunately, there are measures you can take to alleviate the discomfort and facilitate recovery. Here are some tips for relieving pain after wisdom tooth extraction:
- Follow your dentist’s instructions: It is important to strictly follow the postoperative instructions provided by the dentist. This includes using recommended medications such as analgesics or anti-inflammatories as needed. Take the medications according to the instructions and do not skip any doses.
- Apply cold compresses: Placing cold compresses or ice wrapped in a cloth on the affected area during the first few days can help reduce swelling and pain. Apply the cold compresses for about 15 minutes at a time, with intervals of rest.
- Get proper rest: After the extraction, it is important to get enough rest to allow the body to recover. Avoid engaging in strenuous physical activities during the first few days and make sure to have a good night’s sleep.
- Maintain a proper diet: Opt for soft, easy-to-chew foods such as soups, purees, yogurt, smoothies, and mashed foods. Avoid hard, sticky, or difficult-to-chew foods that may irritate the extraction site.
- Maintain good oral hygiene: Continue brushing your teeth gently, avoiding the extraction site for the first few days. You can also rinse gently with warm saltwater to keep the area clean and prevent infections.
- Avoid smoking and drinking alcohol: Tobacco and alcohol can delay healing and increase discomfort. Avoid smoking and refrain from consuming alcohol during the recovery process.
Remember that each person is different, and the recovery process may vary. If you experience severe pain, excessive swelling, persistent bleeding, or any other complications, it is important to contact your dentist immediately.
What you should know before undergoing wisdom tooth extraction
Before undergoing wisdom tooth extraction, it is important to consider several aspects. Here are some things you should know:
- Consult with your dentist: Before making any decisions, it is crucial to schedule a consultation with your dentist. The dentist will evaluate the position and condition of your wisdom teeth through X-rays and a clinical examination. They will also discuss the possible risks and benefits of the procedure, as well as the available alternatives.
- Time and recovery: Being a surgical procedure, the recovery time can vary depending on the complexity of the extraction and the individual. Ask your dentist how long the recovery is expected to take and what post-care measures you should follow.
- Type of anesthesia: Wisdom tooth extraction is usually performed under local anesthesia, which will numb the specific area. However, in some cases, general anesthesia may be chosen, which will make you sleep throughout the procedure. Your dentist will determine which type of anesthesia is most suitable for you.
- Pre-existing health conditions: Inform your dentist about any medical conditions you have, such as heart problems, diabetes, autoimmune diseases, or bleeding disorders. These conditions may require special measures before, during, and after wisdom tooth extraction.
- Transportation and accompanying person: If you are given general anesthesia, you may need a transportation plan to return home after the procedure. Additionally, it is recommended to have someone accompany you during the process and provide support during the initial recovery.
How to prevent dry socket after wisdom tooth extraction
Dry socket is a complication that can occur after wisdom tooth extraction. Fortunately, there are measures you can take to prevent its occurrence. Here are some tips:
- Follow post-care instructions
- Avoid excessive rinsing
- Do not smoke
- Avoid consuming hot foods
- Avoid engaging in strenuous physical activities
- Manage pain and inflammation.
What happens if wisdom teeth are not extracted?
In general, the extraction of impacted wisdom teeth is recommended to prevent or treat potential problems, such as the ones mentioned earlier (severe pain, infections, gum diseases). Improper positioning and retention of wisdom teeth can harm overall health, causing severe muscular complications.
It is important to consult with a professional to evaluate your specific situation and receive appropriate recommendations. At Prodent MX, for example, we have the expertise and technology necessary to provide a suitable treatment plan for you.
Schedule your appointment now, we accept insurance.